PRONOUN FOR ALL EXAM ||UPSC||BPSC||SSC||IBPS||RAILWAY||DAROGA

A pronoun is a word which is used in place of a noun.

ex:- he, she, it, them etc.,

Type of pronoun

1.Personal pronoun

2.Possessive pronoun

3.Distributive pronoun

4.Emphatic pronoun

5.Relative pronoun

6.Reflexive pronoun

7.Reciprocal pronoun

8.Interrogative pronoun

9.Demonstrative pronoun

10.Indefinite pronoun

Personal pronoun:-I, we, you, he , she ,it and they  etc,.

ex:- I am yours, dear

       She is yours.

Relative pronoun :- Relative pronoun indicate preseding noun. it  also function like a conjunctions. it joins two clauses and make complex sentence. some time it make multiple sentence,.

ex:-who, which, that, whose whom are relative pronoun

Usage :- In nominative case “who” is use for masculine & feminine  but “which “is use for neuter gender.

In dative case “whom” is use for masculine and feminine but for neuter gender “which” is use

In genitive case “whose” is use for masculine and feminine but for neuter gender “whose/of which” is use

Note:- “who “is used for human being.

           “which” is used for non-living thing.

“That “ is used for all but “That” is not used in genitive case.

ex:- This is the house that my father built.

        This is the same book which he gave me.

       His neighbour who is a doctor has a telephone.

Demonstrative Pronoun :- The pronoun used to point out the object or objects to which it refers is called a demonstrative pronoun.

this, that, these, those, such are demonstrative pronoun.

“verb” is used after demonstrative pronoun.

ex:- This is yours.

        These are mines.

Look at this picture.

What was that noise?

Such a girl is your girl friend.

Reflexive pronoun :- The pronoun  himself, herself, yourself, themselves, myself, ourselves etc. are called reflexive pronoun when the action done by the subject turns back upon the subject.

ex:- He cursed himself for failure.

      we can help ourselves.

Rule:- if verb is in active voice it is essential to use reflexive pronoun after verb.

if object are not use then reflexive pronoun should use after that

ex:- An intelligent man always avails of himself every opportunity.

Rule:- One is use to gave advise

ex:- one should respect the time.

       One should respect our country.

Rule:- “It” is used for small children which is not mental and sexual developed.

ex:- It is a cute baby.

“It” is use to make sentence emphatic.

ex:- It is sachin who played in patna college.

“It” is used for unknown person/stranger.

ex:- It is stranger for you.

“It” is used for whole sentence/complete.

ex:- I have studied in patna college, it is very famous college.

“It” is used for non-living things.

ex:- It is a table.

“It” is used with natural phenomena.

ex:- It is raising.

       It is blowing.

“It” is used to show days or data.

ex:- What day is it, today.

      it is sunday today.

Rule:- if one is use for single meaning then his is use with one.

ex:- One of my students is killing one’s time. (wrong)

One of my student is killing his time. (correct)

Rule:- if different personal pronoun are in a sentence and 1^st person is also appear then “our” is use in it.

ex:- you, he and i are reading our book.

Rule:- different personal pronoun are in a sentence but 1^st person is disappear then “your” is use in it.

ex:- you, he and mohan were reading your book.

Demonstrative pronoun:- The pronoun used to point out the object or objects to which refers is called a demonstrative pronoun

This, That , These, Those are demonstrative pronoun.

ex:- This is my girl friend meet her.

       India is the best , this is true.

Rule:- if two person are find in a sentence then for earlier “this” is use and for later “that “ is use.

ex:- I know both Sharukh and Aamir, this is called king khan and that is called Mr.Perfectanist.

 Rule:- After It is /It was nominative case is use to make sentence emphatic.

ex:- It is I.

       It is me.(wrong)

Rule:- In a sentence after preposition personal pronoun is use as a objective case.

ex:- Please give the copy to him.

Rule:- After let pronoun is use as a objective case

ex :- Let you and me decide the matter once for all.

Let you and I decide the matter once for all.(wrong)

Rule:- In a sentence there is a comparison between nominatives , after as/than pronoun of nominative case is use.

ex:- Shyam is as fast as I

       Shyam is as fast as me.(wrong)

I am taller than he.

I am taller than him.(wrong)

Rule:- In a sentence there is comparison between datives, after as/than pronoun of objective case is use.

ex:- I love you as much as him.

       I love you as much as he.(wrong)

Rule:-  After Gerund(v+ing) objective of personal pronoun is use.

but before Gerund possesive case of personal pronoun is use.

ex:- calling him was not pleasant.

       Please excuse me coming late.

Rule:- After and Before Infinite (to+v¹) objective case of personal pronoun is used.

ex:- I hope to meet him soon.

       I hope to meet his soon.(wrong)

      He requested me.

      He requested I.(wrong)

Reciproc al pronoun:- each other , one another

Rule:- each other is use for two persons and things.

ex:- The two girls love each other.

      You and he help each other.

Rule:- one another is use for more than two person or things.

ex:- All the members of the family quarrelled with one another.

Reflexive pronoun :- yourself, myself, ourself etc.

ex:- He ruined yourself.

    Did you hurt yourself.

 Rule:- If a sentence is includes first, second,and third person we should follow 231 rule for simple and good work.

ex:-He and I are good friends.

      You , he and I go there.

Rule:- If a sentence show wrong , fault, crime or sin than 123 order is use.

ex:- I , You and He will loot  the bank.

         I, You and He will be punished for this crime.

Rule:- If all person are in plural verb than 123 order is use

ex:- we, you and they will do this work.

Rule:- collective noun takes singular pronoun when collective noun expresses a unit.

ex:- The jury gave its verdict.

Rule:- If collective noun is use as a divide or separation its takes plural pronoun.

ex:- The jury were divided in their opinion.

Distributive pronoun:- when each ,either and neither are used as pronoun they are called distributive pronoun.

Rule:- usage of either of and any of

ex:- Any of these two girls is your sister.(wrong)

Either of these two girls is your sister.(correct)

Either of the five boys will do it.(wrong)

Any of the five boys will do it.(correct)

Rule:- usage of neither of none of

ex:- Neither of the six can succeed.

      None of the six can succeed.(correct)
     None of the two girls is very tall.(wrong)

     Neither of the two girls is very tall.(correct)

      Emphatic pronouns :- myself, ourselves, yourself, herself, itself and themselves are called emphatic pronoun when they are use for the sake  of emphasis.

ex:- you can do it yourself.

       I killed the tiger myself.

       He himself said so.

Possessive pronoun:- The pronoun used to show possession is called a possessive pronoun.

mine, ours, yours, hers his and theirs are possessive pronoun

ex:- This book is mine.

     This saree is hers.

     Those chairs are theirs.

Indefinite pronoun :- An indefinite pronoun refers to persons or things in a general way and does not refers to any person or thing in particular.

somebody, anybody, some, all , none many, nothing, any are indefinite pronoun

ex:- One must not praise oneself.

      some are gentle.

     many of them were killed.

Interrogative pronoun :- The pronoun used for asking a question is called an interrogative pronoun.

ex:- who are you?

        which is yours?

        whom do you love?

                                                                                         by:- kumar harsh ka study lab